not sure about 16b samples i only use 8b mono samples... its a little complicated to explain... but say you want a sample to play at C3 (use period table below) your target sample rate would be 16574 for a PAL machine or 16726 for an NTSC machine... its basically clock/period so for a PAL machine its 3546895 / 214 (pal clock / period) or NTSC 3579545 / 214 (nstc clock / period)... too look up the period value for the note you want your sample to play at use the table below (C-1=856,C-2=428,C-3=214, etc)...
-> C C# D D# E F F# G G# A A# B
0856,0808,0762,0720,0678,0640,0604,0570,0538,0508,0480,0453 -> 1
0428,0404,0381,0360,0339,0320,0302,0285,0269,0254,0240,0226 -> 2
0214,0202,0190,0180,0170,0160,0151,0143,0135,0127,0120,0113 -> 3
0107,0101,0095,0090,0085,0080,0075,0071,0067,0063,0060,0056 -> 4
0053,0050,0047,0045,0042,0040,0037,0035,0033,0031,0030,0028 -> 5
0026,0025,0023,0022,0021,0020,0018,0017,0016,0015,0015,0014 -> 6
then divide that number into the clock value... PAL clock = 3546895, NTSC clock = 3579545...
then use sox to resample at that rate ie:
sox INFILE -r 16574 -b 8 -c 1 OUTFILE
if using mixing mode in octamed you can use this period table:
-> C C# D D# E F F# G G# A A# B
3424,3232,3048,2880,2712,2560,2416,2280,2152,2032,1920,1812 -> 1
1712,1616,1524,1440,1356,1280,1208,1140,1076,1016,0960,0906 -> 2
0856,0808,0762,0720,0678,0640,0604,0570,0538,0508,0480,0453 -> 3
0428,0404,0381,0360,0339,0320,0302,0285,0269,0254,0240,0226 -> 4
0214,0202,0190,0180,0170,0160,0151,0143,0135,0127,0120,0113 -> 5
0107,0101,0095,0090,0085,0080,0075,0071,0067,0063,0060,0056 -> 6
0053,0050,0047,0045,0042,0040,0037,0035,0033,0031,0030,0028 -> 7
0026,0025,0023,0022,0021,0020,0018,0017,0016,0015,0015,0014 -> 8
